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Town and country planning in the United Kingdom is the part of English land law which concerns land use planning. Its goal is to ensure sustainable economic development and a better environment. Each country of the United Kingdom has its own planning system that is responsible for town and country planning devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly. The main legislation is the, *Town and Country Planning Act 1990, for England and Wales,〔See also the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, Planning (Hazardous Substances) Act 1990, and Planning (Consequential Provisions) Act 1990〕 plus the Town and Country Planning (Scotland) Act 1997 and the Planning etc (Scotland) Act 2006 and the Planning (Northern Ireland) Order 1991 *Planning and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 *Planning Act 2008 *Localism Act 2011 A long list of other unconsolidated Acts and Regulations also have an impact on UK planning. For example, the Localism Act 2011 abolished the Infrastructure Planning Commission for national projects, set up by the Planning Act 2008 and recentralised control in the hands of the Secretary of State. ==History== The roots of the UK town and country planning system as it emerged in the immediate post-war years lay in concerns developed over the previous half century in response to industrialisation and urbanisation. The particular concerns were pollution, urban sprawl, and ribbon development. These concerns were expressed through the work of thinkers such as Ebenezer Howard and the philanthropic actions of industrialists such as the Lever Brothers and the Cadbury family, and architects such as Raymond Unwin, PRIBA, and Patrick Abercrombie. The Housing and Town Planning Act 1909, the Housing and Town Planning Act 1919, the Town Planning Act 1925 and the Town and Country Planning Act 1932 were initial moves toward modern urban planning legislation. By the outbreak of Second World War, thinking was sufficiently advanced that, even during the war, a series of Royal commissions looked into specific problems in urban planning and development control. These included: * The Barlow Commission (1940) into the distribution of industrial population * The Scott Committee into rural land use (1941) * The Uthwatt Committee into compensation and betterment (1942) * The Reith Report into New Towns (1947) Also, Patrick Abercrombie developed the Greater London Plan for the reconstruction of London, which envisaged moving 1.5 million people from London to new and expanded towns. These intellectual efforts resulted in the New Towns Act 1946 and the Town and Country Planning Act 1947. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Town and country planning in the United Kingdom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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